STRUKTUR SEMANTIS VERBA ‘JATUH’ DALAM BAHASA JEPANG SUBTIPE TERJADI-BERGERAK: KAJIAN METABAHASA SEMANTIK ALAMI

Abstract

Expressing all the meanings expressed in a language is something that can be learned from Natural Semantic Metalanguage (NSM) theory. NSM is a theory put forward by Anna Wierzbicka and Goddard which began to be developed in 1972. The study of this research discussed about semantic structure of ‘fall’ verb in NSM theory. The purpose of this study is to know and understand Japanese verbs that are categorized into 'fall' verbs, explain how the semantic primitives of the 'fall' verb in Japanese, and describes the semantic structure of the 'fall' verb in Japanese that belongs to the HAPPEN-MOVE subtype. This research is a descriptive qualitative research. There are three stages in this study. First, data collection stage used observation method and note-taking technique. Second, data analysis stage used identity method (dividing key factors technique) and distributional method (using form changing technique and interruption technique). Third, presenting the result of data analysis stage used formal and informal method. The Japanese ‘fall’ verb is collected from books and website. The result of this research shows that sevent ‘fall’ verb in Japanese. The Japanese 'fall' verb is classified into semantic primitives element TERJADI (HAPPEN/OKORU) with a syntactic pattern "something happens to X" and make a polysemy with semantic primitives element BERGERAK forms recurrent polysemies, namely TERJADI (HAPPEN/OKORU) /BERGERAK (MOVE/DOUSA).